In the heart of Uganda’s central cattle corridor, a region often battered by drought and erratic rainfall, farmers are grappling with a pressing question: how can they sustainably boost agricultural productivity and food security in the face of climate change? A recent study published in *Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems* offers some compelling insights, suggesting that the answer may lie in understanding the diverse needs and resources of farming households.
The research, led by Henry Galiwango from the Department of Extension and Innovation Studies at Makerere University, reveals that the continued use of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) practices is not a one-size-fits-all scenario. Instead, it’s intricately linked to the unique typologies of farming households in the region.
The study identified four distinct household typologies: moderately resourced CSA-engaged, mainstream selective CSA uptake, resource-constrained livestock-oriented, and high-resource CSA intensive. Each group exhibited different levels of CSA practice adoption and continuity. For instance, high-resource households tended to maintain a broader range of practices, such as soil fertility management and water harvesting, while resource-constrained groups focused on simpler, cost-effective options.
“This isn’t just about what practices are available, but about what makes sense for each household given their resources and circumstances,” Galiwango explained. The study found that continuity was highest where CSA practices were embedded into existing farm systems and supported by complementary assets, like access to extension services or community networks.
The findings have significant implications for the agriculture sector. By understanding and catering to these household typologies, agritech companies and agricultural extension services can develop more targeted, effective interventions. This could lead to improved food security, enhanced resilience to climate shocks, and ultimately, increased agricultural productivity and profitability.
Moreover, the study aligns with Uganda’s National Development Plan IV and Vision 2040, emphasizing the need for agro-industrialization and climate adaptation. It calls for a shift from blanket CSA scaling to typology-informed approaches, ensuring inclusive, cost-effective, and goal-aligned outcomes.
As the agriculture sector continues to grapple with the impacts of climate change, this research offers a valuable roadmap for fostering resilience and sustainability. By embracing a typology-based approach, stakeholders can ensure that CSA practices are not only adopted but also sustained, paving the way for a more secure and productive agricultural future.