Over the past two decades, Canada’s barley acreage has been on a steady decline, shrinking by nearly 155,000 acres annually. Meanwhile, both wheat and corn have experienced significant growth, with wheat seeing an increase of 440,000 acres annually and corn expanding by 300,000 acres each year. This shift in crop cultivation has prompted Western Canadian cattle feeders to explore alternative grain sources.
Cattle feeders in Central Canada and the United States have long relied on corn as a staple feed for their livestock. Consequently, there is a wealth of scientific and practical knowledge regarding its use in cattle diets. However, when it comes to feeding wheat, there is a noticeable lack of information and experience. This knowledge gap is primarily due to wheat’s higher starch content, which poses a greater risk of digestive upsets such as acidosis.
Recognizing the need for more research in this area, Dr. Tim McAllister and his team of researchers from AAFC Lethbridge have taken up the challenge. Their objective is to provide cattle feeders with valuable insights into the use of wheat as a feed grain. By studying the different varieties of wheat, they hope to shed light on how processing methods and protein content affect its nutritional value for various types of cattle.
One of the key factors that the researchers are investigating is the distinction between red wheat, commonly used for bread, and white wheat, often used in pastries. These two varieties differ in terms of protein content and seed hardness, which consequently impacts their response to processing and their suitability as feed for different types of cattle.
The implications of this research are significant for Western Canadian cattle feeders who have been grappling with the declining supply of barley. As they seek out alternative grain sources, understanding the nutritional value and potential risks associated with wheat becomes crucial. By providing evidence-based information, Dr. McAllister and his team hope to equip cattle feeders with the knowledge needed to make informed decisions about incorporating wheat into their livestock diets.
The potential benefits of incorporating wheat into cattle feed are not limited to Western Canada. Cattle feeders in other regions, such as Central Canada and the United States, have long relied on corn as a primary feed grain. However, with the growing popularity of wheat, this research could prove valuable in expanding the options available to them as well.
As the research progresses, it is expected that the findings will not only benefit cattle feeders but also contribute to the overall understanding of grain utilization in livestock diets. This knowledge could potentially lead to more efficient and sustainable feeding practices, benefiting both the agricultural industry and the environment.
In conclusion, the decline in barley acreage in Canada has prompted cattle feeders to explore alternative grain sources. While corn has been a longstanding choice for many, the use of wheat as a feed grain is relatively unexplored. The ongoing research led by Dr. McAllister and his team aims to bridge this knowledge gap, providing valuable insights into the nutritional value and potential risks associated with wheat. This research has the potential to revolutionize cattle feeding practices and expand the options available to feeders across Canada and beyond.
