Over the past two decades, Canada has witnessed a significant decline in its barley acreage, with nearly 155,000 acres being lost each year. In contrast, both wheat and corn have experienced a steady increase, with wheat expanding by 440,000 acres annually and corn by 300,000 acres annually. This shift in crop distribution has prompted cattle feeders in Western Canada to explore alternative grain sources.
Cattle feeders in Central Canada and the United States have long relied on corn as a feed option, benefiting from a wealth of scientific and practical knowledge that has facilitated its adoption. However, the same cannot be said for wheat. While it is a common grain, there has been limited understanding and experience in using it as cattle feed. This knowledge gap has posed challenges for nutritionists and cattle feeders alike.
One of the main concerns with wheat as a feed option is its higher starch content, which increases the risk of digestive upsets such as acidosis in cattle. Additionally, there are notable differences between red wheat (bread) varieties and white wheat (pastry) varieties. Red wheat varieties tend to have higher protein content and a harder seed, which can impact how they respond to processing and their nutritional value for different types of cattle.
Recognizing the need to address these challenges, a team of researchers from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) in Lethbridge, led by Dr. Tim McAllister, embarked on a study to shed light on the use of wheat as cattle feed. Their findings have the potential to revolutionize the way wheat is utilized in the cattle industry.
The researchers examined various aspects of wheat feeding, including the impact of different processing methods on its nutritional value and digestibility for cattle. They also investigated the effects of red and white wheat varieties on cattle performance and health. By conducting rigorous experiments and analyzing the data, the team aimed to provide cattle feeders with evidence-based recommendations for incorporating wheat into their feed rations.
The implications of this research are significant. With the decline in barley acreage, cattle feeders in Western Canada urgently need alternative grain sources to ensure the continued health and productivity of their livestock. By expanding their knowledge and understanding of wheat as a feed option, they can diversify their feed rations and mitigate the risk of supply shortages.
Moreover, the findings of this study have broader implications for the entire cattle industry. As wheat becomes a more prominent feed option, it is crucial for nutritionists and feeders across the country to have access to reliable information on its nutritional value, processing methods, and potential health risks. The research conducted by Dr. McAllister and his team fills this knowledge gap and equips industry professionals with the tools to make informed decisions.
In conclusion, the decline in barley acreage in Canada has prompted cattle feeders to explore alternative grain sources. Wheat, with its increasing acreage and potential as cattle feed, has emerged as a viable option. The research conducted by Dr. McAllister and his team not only addresses the challenges associated with wheat feeding but also provides valuable insights for the entire cattle industry. With this newfound knowledge, cattle feeders can confidently incorporate wheat into their feed rations, ensuring the continued health and productivity of their livestock.
