Last spring, a groundbreaking agricultural experiment took place on a vast 2,000-hectare farm focusing on irrigated corn cultivation. The farm, with around half of its land dedicated to corn, embarked on a mission to enhance their farming practices and ultimately increase their yield. Teaming up with a journalist, the farm decided to implement a hands-on approach to a how-to article, utilizing real-life data and observations over the course of a year.
The key focus of the project was to introduce a variable rate application (VRA) for nitrogen-based fertilizer across their corn fields. This innovative approach aimed to optimize fertilizer usage based on the specific needs of different areas within the fields, as opposed to the traditional method of applying a uniform rate across the entire surface.
To kick off the project, satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images were employed to assess the crop status. With 10 fields averaging over 90 hectares each, the team strategically selected scouting points in areas with both high and low NDVI values to analyze the crop conditions on the ground. This crucial step allowed them to identify areas requiring more attention in terms of fertilizer application.
Following a thorough analysis of the scouting data, the team decided to increase fertilizer application in areas exhibiting lower NDVI values, indicating a need for additional nutrients to support plant growth. By leveraging the insights gained from the NDVI images and on-ground observations, a VRA map was created using specialized software and transferred to the equipment responsible for fertilizer application.
The implementation of the VRA strategy was seamless, thanks to advanced technology such as Trimble displays with automated steering and RTK correction signals, connected to a Sulky spreader via ISOBUS. Despite the logistical challenge of treating such a large expanse of land with precision, the application process was completed efficiently over several days.
Approximately six weeks post-application, the team conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the results. The outcomes were nothing short of remarkable, with visible improvements in crop health and uniformity. The NDVI images captured post-application showcased a significant enhancement in crop performance compared to previous assessments, indicating a successful implementation of the VRA approach.
Buoyed by the success of the project, the farm made the decision to adopt the VRA strategy for nitrogen fertilizers on an annual basis. Furthermore, the positive results garnered attention from a larger neighboring farm, prompting them to consider implementing a similar approach in their operations.
In conclusion, the integration of VRA technology in fertilizer application not only demonstrated tangible benefits in crop yield and health but also highlighted the potential for precision agriculture to revolutionize traditional farming practices. By leveraging data-driven insights and cutting-edge tools, farms can optimize resource utilization, improve productivity, and pave the way for a more sustainable agricultural future.