On September 28, 2024, California took a bold step in food safety and consumer protection as Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill 660 (AB660) into law. This landmark legislation marks the first of its kind in the United States, banning the use of ambiguous date labels on food products. The law aims to create a standardized system for date labeling, streamlining the language used to convey food quality and safety to consumers.
Under the new regulation, food manufacturers and retailers are prohibited from using any date labels other than “best-if-used by” for quality and “use by” for product safety. This distinction is crucial, as many consumers often misinterpret various date labels, leading to unnecessary food waste. For instance, terms like “sell-by” and “best before” are commonly seen on packaging, but they primarily serve as indicators of freshness rather than safety. The “sell-by” date is intended for retailers to manage inventory, while the “best-if-used by” label suggests the period during which the product is expected to retain optimal quality.
The confusion surrounding date labels is significant, contributing to an estimated 30% of the food supply being wasted at both retail and consumer levels, according to the USDA. Many consumers mistakenly discard food that remains safe to eat simply because it surpasses a quality date. The only date label that genuinely indicates safety is “use by,” which is exclusively applicable to infant formula. This law not only aims to reduce consumer confusion but also seeks to address the broader issue of food waste, which is a growing concern in an era where sustainability is paramount.
The implications of AB660 extend beyond consumer clarity. It represents a shift toward more responsible food labeling practices that can potentially influence other states and even federal regulations. Currently, the USDA and FDA oversee food labeling in the United States, but there is a lack of uniformity across the country. While the USDA has some regulations for date labeling in specific food categories, such as meat and poultry, there is no overarching federal requirement for date labels on most food products. This inconsistency often leaves consumers in the dark, relying on labels that can be misleading.
With California’s new law, there is hope for a ripple effect, encouraging other states to adopt similar measures. The goal is to establish a clearer understanding of food date labels nationwide, ultimately helping consumers make informed decisions about food safety and quality. By advocating for a standardized approach, California is not only addressing the confusion surrounding date labels but also taking a proactive stance against food waste.
In the backdrop of this legislative change, consumers are encouraged to assess food quality based on sensory evaluation rather than solely relying on date labels. Signs of spoilage, such as off-odors or changes in texture, remain critical indicators of food safety. The USDA and FDA recommend that consumers use their judgment, as many products can be safely consumed beyond their quality dates if they have been stored and handled properly.
As California leads the way in reforming food labeling practices, the focus shifts to how this law will be implemented and its potential impact on consumer behavior and food waste reduction. The hope is that by simplifying the language used on food packaging, consumers will feel more confident in their choices, ultimately fostering a culture of sustainability while ensuring food safety.