In a world where fresh water is becoming increasingly scarce, a recent study has shed light on the groundwater potential zones in Khordha District, Odisha, providing critical insights for the agricultural sector. Conducted by Abinash Sahoo from the Department of Civil Engineering at the Odisha University of Technology and Research, this research taps into the power of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to map out areas with the best chances of groundwater availability.
Groundwater is a lifeline for farmers, especially in regions like Khordha where agriculture heavily relies on this resource. However, urbanization, industrial growth, and population pressures have put immense strain on these underground water supplies. “With climate variability affecting both the quantity and quality of groundwater, it’s crucial to identify zones where we can sustainably tap into this resource,” Sahoo explains.
Using a meticulous approach, the study analyzed various factors—everything from geomorphology to soil texture—layering them in a GIS framework. The result? A detailed groundwater potential map that categorizes areas into five distinct classes: very good, good, moderate, poor, and very poor. Notably, about 52% of the region falls into the ‘high’ and ‘very high’ categories, indicating promising zones for groundwater extraction.
The implications of this research extend beyond just mapping; it paves the way for actionable strategies in water management. The study highlights that the areas identified as having high potential for groundwater could be prime targets for both natural and artificial recharge practices. This could significantly enhance water availability for irrigation, thus supporting local farmers in overcoming the challenges posed by inconsistent rainfall and dwindling surface water resources.
Sahoo’s team validated their findings against data from the Central Groundwater Board, achieving an impressive accuracy of 81.54%. This level of reliability is crucial, as it allows stakeholders to make informed decisions about where to focus their water conservation efforts. “Our goal is to provide a roadmap for future management plans that can help ensure a sustainable water supply for agriculture,” Sahoo added.
As the agricultural sector grapples with the dual challenges of climate change and increasing demand for food, studies like this one published in ‘Cleaner Water’ (translated to English as ‘Cleaner Water’) are vital. They not only enhance our understanding of groundwater dynamics but also offer practical solutions that can bolster agricultural productivity.
For more information about this groundbreaking research, you can visit the Department of Civil Engineering at Odisha University of Technology and Research.