In the heart of Nigeria’s semi-arid region, a groundbreaking study led by Chinedu Callistus Edebeatu, from the Department of Applied Physics and Renewable Energy at the Admiralty University of Nigeria, is shedding new light on how evapotranspiration (ET) can be harnessed to accelerate food sustainability. Published in ‘Discover Food’, the research delves into the critical role of ET in achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2, which aims to end hunger and promote sustainable agriculture by 2030.
Edebeatu’s work focuses on the semi-arid regions of Northern Nigeria, where optimizing ET could be a game-changer for food security. The study analyzed data from three stations in the region, using four different models—Baier–Robertson (B-R), Jensen Haise (J-H), Caprio (Cap), and the index of agreement (di_mod)—to estimate average monthly seasonal error ETos. The findings reveal significant variations in ET across different months and locations, highlighting the need for tailored approaches to water management.
“Our results show that the Baier–Robertson model had the lowest mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 30.53% in August, while the Caprio model performed best in February with a MAPE of 25.40%,” Edebeatu explains. “This variability underscores the importance of selecting the right model and farming practices for different seasons and locations.”
The study also recommends the use of water-resistant crops in Nigeria’s semi-arid regions to ensure food security and sustainability. By focusing on sustainable water management and conservation techniques, farmers can maintain food production even as aridity and water scarcity increase.
The implications of this research are far-reaching. For the energy sector, understanding and optimizing ET can lead to more efficient use of water resources, reducing the energy required for irrigation and other agricultural processes. This could translate into significant cost savings and a more sustainable approach to food production.
As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change and food security, Edebeatu’s work offers a beacon of hope. By leveraging the power of evapotranspiration, we can create a more resilient and sustainable food system, ensuring that everyone has access to safe, nutritious, and sufficient food.
The study published in Discover Food, which translates to “Find Food” in English, underscores the urgent need for innovative solutions in agriculture. As we look to the future, the insights gained from this research could shape the development of new technologies and practices, paving the way for a more sustainable and food-secure world.