In the heart of Chhattisgarh, a groundbreaking study led by Adikant Pradhan at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, is revolutionizing the way we think about sustainable and climate-resilient agriculture. The research, published in ‘The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences’ (The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences), delves into the intricacies of Integrated Farming Systems (IFS), offering a beacon of hope for farmers and policymakers alike.
The study, conducted over two years, explored various cropping systems to identify the most feasible and productive models. The results were striking. The rice-sweet corn-tomato + coriander system emerged as a clear winner, boasting a Rice Equivalent Yield (REY) of 13,254 kg/ha. This system outperformed traditional rice-fallow systems by a staggering 308.13%. “The rice-sweet corn-tomato + coriander system not only increased yield but also enhanced soil health and water productivity,” Pradhan explained.
But the benefits don’t stop at yield. The study also shed light on the environmental impact of these systems. The mushroom component, for instance, recorded the lowest greenhouse gas emissions (-126 kg CO2 equivalent) and highest water productivity (1.96 kg/m3). This is a game-changer for the energy sector, where the demand for sustainable practices is growing. The integration of low-energy systems like mushroom farming could significantly reduce the carbon footprint of agricultural practices, aligning with global sustainability goals.
The economic implications are equally compelling. The rice-sweet corn-tomato + coriander system generated a gross return of ₹21,681 and a net return of ₹12,231, along with 212 man-days of employment. This model not only supports family nutrition but also provides a viable economic alternative for farmers.
The study also highlighted the role of recycled manures in enhancing soil organic carbon. Poultry manure, in particular, increased soil organic carbon from 0.63% to 0.77%. This finding underscores the importance of sustainable waste management practices in agriculture.
Pradhan’s research is more than just a scientific breakthrough; it’s a call to action. “We need to move away from monoculture and embrace integrated farming systems,” Pradhan asserted. “This is the future of sustainable agriculture.”
As we look to the future, Pradhan’s work at Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, sets a precedent for how we can achieve food security while mitigating climate change. The integration of diverse crops, efficient water use, and sustainable waste management practices are not just theoretical concepts but practical solutions that can be implemented on a large scale. This research is a stepping stone towards a more resilient and sustainable agricultural landscape, one that benefits both farmers and the environment.