In the heart of Western Australia, a team of researchers is tackling a question that could reshape the future of agriculture and, by extension, the energy sector. Led by Raquel Tardin-Coelho from Curtin University’s Institute for Energy Transition, the team has delved into the public’s perceptions of a novel approach to pest control: RNA-based biopesticides. Their findings, published in npj Sustainable Agriculture, or in English, ‘npj Sustainable Agriculture,’ offer a roadmap for gaining social acceptance and commercial viability for this innovative technology.
Agriculture is the backbone of food and fiber security, but traditional synthetic pesticides come with a host of challenges, from resistance and toxicity to environmental harm. Enter RNA-based biopesticides, a cutting-edge solution that harnesses the power of RNA interference (RNAi). Unlike genetic modification, this approach involves topical application of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), triggering a natural response in pests to shut down specific genes.
However, the path to widespread adoption is not without hurdles. Public perception, policy controversies, and regulatory gaps can all impact the social license to operate (SLO) for RNAi-based biopesticides. Tardin-Coelho and her team conducted a qualitative systematic literature review to understand these factors better.
“The results show that factors influencing public perceptions and SLO emphasize human and environmental safety and costs,” Tardin-Coelho explains. “But it’s not just about safety and cost. Off-target impacts, degradability, protection window, resistance, toxicity, and even ethical and cultural considerations all play a role.”
The energy sector, which relies heavily on agricultural products for biofuels and other applications, has a vested interest in the success of RNAi-based biopesticides. Enhanced food safety and productivity could lead to a more stable and sustainable supply chain, benefiting both farmers and energy producers.
But gaining a social license to operate is not just about ticking regulatory boxes. It’s about building trust and understanding with the public. Tardin-Coelho and her team draw on social science literature to suggest strategies for achieving this. “Transparency, engagement, and education are key,” Tardin-Coelho says. “We need to involve the public in the conversation, address their concerns, and show them the benefits of this technology.”
The research also highlights the need for a holistic approach to regulation. “We can’t just focus on the technology itself,” Tardin-Coelho warns. “We need to consider the broader implications, from environmental impact to cultural acceptance.”
As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change and food security, the stakes for RNAi-based biopesticides are high. This research offers a glimpse into the future, where innovative technology, public acceptance, and regulatory frameworks come together to create a more sustainable world. The energy sector, with its reliance on agricultural products, has a crucial role to play in this future. By engaging with the public, addressing their concerns, and championing innovative solutions, it can help shape a more sustainable and secure world for all.