In the lush, terraced landscapes of the Honghe Hani Terraces (HHT) in China, a delicate balance between nature and human activity is constantly at play. This UNESCO World Heritage Site, renowned for its agricultural and cultural significance, faces critical challenges related to slope stability and disaster mechanisms. A recent systematic review, published in the *Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences* (translated as the *Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences*), sheds light on these issues, offering insights that could reshape land management practices and disaster resilience strategies.
Led by Valisoasarobidy José Gabriel from the College of Civil Engineering and Architecture at China Three Gorges University, the study meticulously analyzed 105 research articles spanning from 2000 to 2023. Using the PRISMA framework, the team identified key trends and gaps in understanding the factors influencing slope instability in the HHT.
“The interplay between natural factors like rainfall intensity and soil properties, and anthropogenic factors such as land use changes and traditional farming practices, is complex and multifaceted,” explains Gabriel. “Our review highlights how traditional agricultural techniques, such as terracing, can enhance soil conservation, but improper management and recent land use changes, including deforestation and urbanization, have intensified slope instability.”
The study reveals that while traditional farming practices have historically contributed to the stability of the terraces, modern changes in land use and climate conditions are posing new threats. Numerical simulations included in the review underscore the intricate relationship between rainfall, irrigation, and slope dynamics, emphasizing the need for integrated management strategies.
“Combining traditional knowledge with modern technologies, such as remote sensing and GIS, is crucial for developing sustainable land management practices and early warning systems,” Gabriel notes. “Community involvement and capacity-building are also essential for effective mitigation.”
The findings have significant implications for the energy sector, particularly in regions where agricultural terraces coexist with energy infrastructure. Understanding slope stability and disaster mechanisms can help in designing more resilient energy projects, reducing the risk of landslides and other natural disasters that could disrupt operations.
“By integrating traditional knowledge with advanced technologies, we can create more sustainable and resilient landscapes,” Gabriel adds. “This approach not only preserves the cultural heritage of the HHT but also ensures the safety and efficiency of energy projects in the region.”
The review also points to future research directions, including the need for standardized methodologies and consistent data collection to enhance the accuracy of slope stability assessments. Despite these limitations, the study provides a comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by the HHT and offers valuable insights for developing effective disaster resilience strategies.
As the world grapples with the impacts of climate change and urbanization, the lessons learned from the Honghe Hani Terraces could serve as a model for other regions facing similar challenges. By fostering a collaborative approach that combines traditional wisdom with modern innovation, we can pave the way for a more sustainable and resilient future.