In the heart of Pakistan, a unique study is shedding light on the remarkable adaptability of indigenous poultry, offering promising insights for poultry farmers and scientists alike. Dr. M Shafiq, a researcher at the Poultry Research Institute, has led a comprehensive phenotypic characterisation of four distinct naked neck chicken ecotypes, a breed known for its resilience in hot climates. The findings, published in the *South African Journal of Animal Science* (translated as *Tydskrif vir Veestokkunde*), provide a roadmap for enhancing poultry productivity and sustainability in the face of climate change.
The study, which evaluated 320 birds across four phenotypes—black, white-and-black, light brown, and dark brown—reveals significant variations in both qualitative and quantitative traits. “Understanding these traits is crucial for breed selection and improvement,” Dr. Shafiq explains. “Our findings highlight the potential of these ecotypes to thrive in heat-stress conditions, which is increasingly relevant as global temperatures rise.”
Key discoveries include the superior morphometric traits of light brown and dark brown phenotypes, which exhibited larger body measurements compared to their black and white-and-black counterparts. This suggests a potential for higher productivity and adaptability in harsher environments. Additionally, the study noted sex-based differences, with males generally larger than females, and variations in shank colouration and wattle size.
For South African poultry science, these insights are particularly valuable. As climate change intensifies, the need for heat-tolerant, resilient poultry breeds becomes ever more pressing. “This research supports breed selection strategies that prioritise adaptability, resilience, and productivity in hot climates,” Dr. Shafiq notes. “It contributes to regional efforts in promoting climate-smart animal agriculture and preserving indigenous genetic resources.”
The study’s focus on indigenous poultry ecotypes underscores the importance of preserving genetic diversity. By understanding and leveraging the unique traits of these birds, farmers and scientists can develop more sustainable and productive poultry systems. “Our work is not just about characterising these birds; it’s about ensuring their potential is fully realised for the benefit of farmers and communities,” Dr. Shafiq adds.
As the world grapples with the impacts of climate change, the insights from this study offer a beacon of hope for the poultry industry. By embracing these resilient ecotypes, farmers can enhance their productivity and sustainability, while scientists can continue to explore the vast potential of indigenous genetic resources. The journey towards climate-smart agriculture is underway, and these naked neck chickens are leading the way.