In a groundbreaking review published in *Toxics*, researchers have shed light on the transformative potential of bio-based fertilizers (BBFs) derived from waste streams, offering a sustainable solution to both waste management and food security. Led by Moses Akintayo Aborisade from the School of Civil Engineering at Guangzhou University, the study delves into recent advancements in BBF production technologies, nutrient recovery mechanisms, and their profound impacts on soil health and the circular economy.
The research highlights that BBFs consistently enhance the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil while significantly reducing environmental impacts by 15–45% compared to synthetic fertilizers. Advanced biological treatment technologies, such as anaerobic digestion, vermicomposting, and biochar production, have achieved nutrient recovery efficiencies ranging from 60–95% across various waste streams. These findings underscore the potential of BBFs to revolutionize agricultural practices and contribute to a more sustainable future.
“Bio-based fertilizers not only address the pressing need for sustainable agriculture but also provide a viable solution to the global waste management challenge,” said Aborisade. “By recovering nutrients from waste, we can create a closed-loop system that benefits both the environment and the agricultural sector.”
The market for bio-based fertilizers is rapidly expanding, with projections indicating growth from $2.53 billion in 2024 to $6.3 billion by 2032. This surge is driven by regulatory support and policies promoting the circular economy. The study also identifies critical research gaps, including the need for standardization, long-term performance evaluation, and integration with precision agriculture systems.
Looking ahead, the research suggests that future developments should focus on AI-driven optimization, climate-adaptive formulations, and nanobioconjugate technologies. These innovations could further enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of BBFs, paving the way for a more sustainable and resilient agricultural sector.
As the world grapples with the dual challenges of climate change and food security, the insights from this study offer a beacon of hope. By embracing bio-based fertilizers, the agricultural sector can reduce its environmental footprint, improve soil health, and contribute to a more circular and sustainable economy. The findings published in *Toxics* by Aborisade and his team provide a comprehensive roadmap for achieving these goals, highlighting the immense potential of waste valorization in shaping the future of agriculture.