Recent research published in ‘Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems’ has shed light on the environmental performance of modular cabinet vertical farms, particularly those producing lettuce and basil on-site for end-users, such as office cafeterias. As the demand for sustainable food sourcing continues to rise, this study addresses a critical gap in empirical evidence regarding the sustainability of vertical farming.
The study conducted a life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the total environmental impact of on-site production compared to conventional sourcing methods. The findings indicate that the modular vertical farm’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions range from 0.78 to 1.18 kg CO2 equivalent per kg of lettuce and from 1.45 to 2.12 kg CO2 equivalent per kg of basil. This range highlights the sensitivity of environmental performance to various methodological choices, particularly regarding the treatment of infrastructure and the source of electricity used in operations.
One of the key takeaways from this research is that, under local conditions in Stockholm, Sweden, the modular vertical farm can produce lettuce with emissions and quality comparable to that of imported lettuce, despite the high energy requirements typically associated with such systems. This finding is significant for businesses looking to adopt sustainable practices, as it suggests that local, on-site production can be a viable alternative to traditional farming methods that often involve long transportation distances and associated emissions.
For the agriculture sector, this research opens up commercial opportunities in urban farming and controlled environment agriculture (CEA). As cities continue to grow and the demand for fresh produce increases, vertical farms can provide a solution that minimizes transportation emissions and ensures food freshness. The modular nature of these farms also allows for scalability and adaptability, making them suitable for various business models, from small-scale operations to larger commercial enterprises.
Moreover, the study provides valuable empirical evidence that can enhance the credibility of claims made by vertical farming companies. As the industry continues to evolve, having robust data on sustainability will be essential for attracting investment and gaining consumer trust. This research not only contributes to the academic literature but also serves as a practical resource for businesses seeking to navigate the complexities of sustainable food production.
In summary, the findings from this study highlight the potential of modular cabinet vertical farms to offer a sustainable alternative for food sourcing, particularly in urban settings. As the agriculture sector embraces innovation and sustainability, this research paves the way for further exploration and investment in vertical farming technologies, ultimately contributing to more resilient and sustainable food systems.