In the picturesque yet challenging landscapes of the northwestern Himalayas, maize stands as a vital crop for farmers relying on rainfed agriculture. However, the persistent use of chemical fertilizers has raised alarm bells over soil health and agricultural sustainability. A recent study led by Vikas Abrol from the Division of Soil Science & Agri. Chem at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu sheds light on a promising path forward. Published in ‘Scientific Reports’, this research delves into integrated organic and mineral fertilizer strategies that could revolutionize maize production while rejuvenating the soil.
Over a span of twelve years, Abrol and his team conducted a meticulous field experiment in the dry sub-humid Inceptisols of northern India. They explored a range of nitrogen application levels, combined with organic inputs like farmyard manure (FYM) and green manure from sunhemp. The results were nothing short of enlightening. “The combination of FYM with mineral fertilizers not only boosted maize yields but also significantly improved soil organic carbon levels,” Abrol remarked, highlighting the dual benefits of this approach.
The findings indicate that applying 10 tons of FYM alongside 40 kg of nitrogen per hectare resulted in the highest maize production. This strategy not only enhanced yields but also increased rainwater use efficiency—an essential factor in areas prone to erratic rainfall. Farmers who adopt these balanced fertilization techniques can expect to see a remarkable uptick in productivity, alongside a healthier soil ecosystem.
One of the standout aspects of this research is its emphasis on sustainability. The study revealed a strong correlation between rainwater use efficiency and sustainability yield index, suggesting that integrating organic matter with mineral fertilizers can lead to a more resilient agricultural system. “We found that the relative soil quality index improved significantly with the right combination of fertilizers,” Abrol explained, underscoring the importance of holistic farming practices.
This research is not just a win for agronomists; it has real-world implications for farmers and the broader agricultural sector. By adopting these integrated strategies, farmers can mitigate the adverse effects of chemical fertilizers, enhance soil health, and ultimately secure their livelihoods. With rising concerns over food security and environmental sustainability, the findings from this study could serve as a blueprint for future agricultural practices in similar regions.
As the agriculture sector grapples with the challenges posed by climate change and soil degradation, the insights from this long-term study offer a glimmer of hope. By embracing a balanced approach to fertilization, farmers can cultivate not just crops but also a more sustainable future.
For more information about Vikas Abrol’s work, you can visit the Division of Soil Science & Agri. Chem at Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu.