In the lush landscapes of the Republic of Benin, pineapple cultivation is more than just a agricultural practice; it’s a livelihood for many, particularly in the southern regions. However, the industry faces significant challenges, notably poor yields due to outdated agronomic practices. A recent study led by Nicodème Fassinou Hotegni from the Genetics, Biotechnology and Seed Science Unit (GBioS) at the University of Abomey-Calavi, sheds light on these issues and offers insights into the future of pineapple farming in the region.
The research, published in ‘Plant-Environment Interactions’, reveals a complex picture of pineapple production in Benin. Over the past decade, there has been a notable shift in the demographics of pineapple producers. “We observed a significant increase in the involvement of women in pineapple production,” Hotegni explains. “However, there has been a decrease in the involvement of young people, which is a concerning trend for the sustainability of the industry.”
One of the most striking findings is the widespread use of calcium carbide (CaC2) to artificially induce flowering in pineapple plants. This practice, while effective, raises serious health concerns. Producers reported using a variety of compounds mixed with calcium carbide, including petroleum, cooking salt, and even liquid fertilizers. The health implications of these practices are alarming, with many producers reporting adverse effects.
The study also highlights the increasing use of chemical fertilizers, particularly potassium sulphate (K2SO4), which suggests a growing awareness of the need for improved soil management. However, the reliance on calcium carbide for flowering induction remains a critical issue. “The use of calcium carbide is not only harmful to the producers but also poses long-term risks to the environment and the quality of the fruit,” Hotegni warns.
The research underscores the urgent need for alternatives to calcium carbide. As the demand for high-quality pineapple continues to grow, both locally and internationally, the industry must adapt to more sustainable and safe practices. The findings of this study could shape future developments in the field, encouraging the exploration of safer and more effective methods for artificial flowering induction.
The implications of this research extend beyond Benin, offering valuable insights for other regions grappling with similar challenges in pineapple cultivation. As the global market for tropical fruits expands, the need for sustainable and efficient agricultural practices becomes increasingly pressing. The work of Hotegni and his team serves as a call to action, urging stakeholders to invest in research and development to support the future of pineapple farming.