In the quest to harness wind energy more efficiently, a groundbreaking study led by D. Bensason from the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands has introduced a novel concept that could revolutionize wind farming. Published in the journal ‘Wind Energy Science’ (translated from German as ‘Wind Energy Science’), the research demonstrates the potential of regenerative wind farming, a method that could significantly boost energy output from wind farms.
The study builds on the idea of using vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) in a unique way, where upstream turbines enhance the wind flow for those downstream. This is achieved by modifying the blades’ pitch to alter the load distribution and create a vortex generator effect. “The wake topology of a VAWT is strongly dependent on the streamwise vorticity system, which can be effectively modified by pitching the blades,” explains Bensason. This adjustment increases momentum entrainment in the wake, leading to a more efficient energy harvest.
The experimental setup involved a high-density layout of nine H-type VAWTs arranged in a 3×3 grid within a wind tunnel. Using volumetric particle tracking velocimetry, the researchers measured the wake within the simulated wind farm. The results were promising, with the derived available power within the farm increasing by factors of 6.4 and 2.1 for the pitch-in and pitch-out cases compared to the baseline case, respectively.
The implications for the energy sector are substantial. Traditional wind farms often face issues with turbine wake interference, which can reduce overall efficiency. By implementing regenerative wind farming, wind farms could potentially increase their energy output without the need for additional turbines or expansive land use. This could lead to more compact and efficient wind farms, particularly in areas where space is limited.
Moreover, the study highlights the importance of understanding and manipulating the wake dynamics of VAWTs. As Bensason notes, “An increase in momentum entrainment in the wake is observed for both vortex generator modes of operation, highlighting the potential of achieving regenerative wind farming.” This insight could pave the way for further innovations in wind turbine design and arrangement.
The research also underscores the potential for vertical-axis wind turbines to play a significant role in the future of wind energy. While horizontal-axis wind turbines have dominated the market, VAWTs offer unique advantages, such as omnidirectional operation and potential for urban integration. The regenerative wind farming concept could further enhance their viability and competitiveness.
As the world continues to seek sustainable and efficient energy solutions, this study offers a promising avenue for advancing wind energy technology. The findings could inspire further research and development in the field, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable energy future. With the growing demand for renewable energy, the commercial impacts of this research could be profound, potentially reshaping the landscape of wind farming and energy production.