In the heart of India’s agricultural landscape, a groundbreaking study led by Sonam Sihag from the Department of Biochemistry at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University is paving the way for sustainable solutions to combat zinc deficiency. The research, published in the journal *Next Nanotechnology* (which translates to *Next Nanotechnology* in English), introduces a novel approach using Zn-bionanocrystals, offering promising implications for agriculture, human health, and environmental sustainability.
Zinc deficiency is a pressing issue in India, affecting both human health and agricultural productivity. Traditional methods of zinc supplementation often fall short due to inefficient delivery and environmental concerns. However, Sihag and her team have developed stable Zn-bionanocrystals that encapsulate zinc ions, providing a controlled and sustained release mechanism.
The Zn-bionanocrystals were characterized using advanced techniques such as Particle Size Analysis (PSA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The results revealed a hydrodynamic diameter ranging from 374 to 396 nm, a zeta-potential of +39.7 to +44.6 mV, and a porous architecture with a surface area of 16.04 m²/g and a pore volume of 0.181 cc/g. These properties make the Zn-bionanocrystals highly suitable for environmental interactions and controlled release applications.
One of the most significant findings of the study is the pH- and time-dependent release behavior of the encapsulated zinc ions. The release study, conducted across pH values from 1.0 to 7.0 and up to 216 hours, showed that the Zn-bionanocrystals release zinc ions more effectively at lower pH levels, with a maximum release of 70.5% at pH 1.0 compared to just 4.92% at pH 7.0. Over time, the release was sustained, reaching 53.3% at 216 hours.
“This controlled release mechanism is crucial for targeted applications in agriculture and human health,” said Sihag. “It ensures that zinc is delivered precisely where and when it is needed, minimizing waste and maximizing efficiency.”
The high encapsulation efficiency of 84% and loading capacity of 3.36% further demonstrate the potential of Zn-bionanocrystals for green delivery applications. The study’s findings highlight the promise of these nanocrystals in addressing micronutrient deficiencies, advancing sustainable agriculture, and enhancing ecological resilience.
The commercial implications of this research are substantial, particularly for the agriculture sector. By providing a controlled and sustained release of zinc, these bionanocrystals can enhance crop productivity and reduce the need for frequent and excessive application of zinc fertilizers. This not only improves agricultural efficiency but also promotes environmental sustainability by minimizing zinc runoff and pollution.
Moreover, the technology has the potential to be integrated into various agricultural practices, from soil amendments to foliar sprays, offering a versatile solution to zinc deficiency. The controlled release mechanism can also be tailored to specific crops and environmental conditions, further optimizing agricultural outcomes.
As the world grapples with the challenges of climate change and resource depletion, innovative solutions like Zn-bionanocrystals offer a beacon of hope. By addressing micronutrient deficiencies and promoting sustainable agricultural practices, this research has the potential to shape the future of agriculture and contribute to a more resilient and sustainable world.
“The potential applications of Zn-bionanocrystals extend beyond agriculture,” added Sihag. “They could also be used in environmental remediation and human health, offering a multifaceted approach to addressing zinc deficiency and its associated challenges.”
With the publication of this study in *Next Nanotechnology*, the stage is set for further research and development in the field of bionanocrystals. As scientists and industry experts delve deeper into the possibilities, the future of sustainable agriculture and environmental sustainability looks brighter than ever.