In the heart of Nepal’s Bardiya National Park, a delicate dance between humans and tigers is playing out, one that’s increasingly marked by conflict and consequence. A recent study published in *Frontiers in Conservation Science* (which translates to *Frontiers in the Science of Protecting Nature*) sheds light on this complex issue, offering insights that could reshape conservation strategies and community engagement in the region.
Led by Prabina Shrestha from the University of Inland Norway, the research delves into the socio-economic factors influencing human-tiger conflict (HTC) in two municipalities within the park’s buffer zone. The findings are stark: between 2019 and 2023, 18 people lost their lives and 10 were injured in tiger attacks. Yet, amidst these grim statistics, there’s a glimmer of hope. The study reveals that local communities strongly support tiger conservation, seeing potential benefits in tourism.
Shrestha’s team surveyed 438 households, using a Likert scale to gauge attitudes and employing statistical analyses to identify key variables. They found that gender, ethnicity, economic status, and source of income significantly influenced perceptions toward tiger conservation. “Female, low-income, and Janajati respondents were more likely to have negative attitudes toward conservation,” Shrestha notes. This insight is crucial, as it highlights the need for targeted outreach and support to these groups.
The study also underscores practical solutions proposed by the community to mitigate HTC. These include constructing net wire fences, providing improved sheds for cattle, and implementing cattle insurance schemes. Moreover, effective training on wildlife monitoring and awareness programs emerged as potential game-changers in fostering coexistence.
The commercial implications of this research are profound. As Shrestha explains, “Tourism is a significant revenue generator for the region. By addressing HTC and promoting conservation, we can enhance the area’s appeal to eco-tourists, creating a sustainable economic model.” This approach not only benefits the energy sector by reducing the need for costly infrastructure to mitigate conflicts but also fosters a harmonious balance between wildlife and human communities.
Looking ahead, this research could shape future developments in conservation strategies, emphasizing the importance of community engagement and socio-economic factors. By understanding and addressing the root causes of HTC, we can pave the way for a future where humans and tigers coexist peacefully, benefiting both wildlife and local communities. As Shrestha aptly puts it, “Conservation is not just about protecting nature; it’s about protecting the people who live alongside it.”