In the heart of Brazil’s diverse ecosystems, scientists have cracked a longstanding challenge in plant genomics, paving the way for more effective conservation and agricultural strategies. A team led by Bruno Cesar Rossini from the Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology at São Paulo State University (UNESP) has developed a novel DNA extraction method tailored for native plant species rich in secondary metabolites, as published in *Academia Molecular Biology and Genomics*.
The breakthrough focuses on Myracrodruon urundeuva, commonly known as “Aroeira,” a tree species notorious for its high content of polyphenols and polysaccharides. These compounds have historically hindered DNA extraction, making genomic studies difficult. “The presence of these secondary metabolites can inhibit enzymatic reactions and compromise sequencing efficiency,” Rossini explained. “Our protocol addresses these challenges head-on, enabling high-quality DNA extraction that was previously unattainable.”
The optimized protocol integrates a sorbitol pre-wash step to reduce contaminants, an improved CTAB-based extraction method, and a subsequent clean-up process using proteinase K and RNAse A. This is followed by short-fragment elimination to enrich high-molecular-weight (HMW) DNA. The result? DNA purity levels with 260/280 ratios close to 1.8 and 260/230 ratios above 1.9, with fragment sizes averaging over 60 kbp. This high-quality DNA was successfully used in Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing, yielding impressive read lengths and sequencing coverage.
The implications for the agriculture sector are profound. High-quality genomic data is crucial for understanding genetic diversity, developing disease-resistant crops, and implementing sustainable management strategies. “This method opens doors for genomic studies in native species that were previously deemed too challenging,” Rossini noted. “It’s a game-changer for conservation efforts and the development of resilient agricultural practices.”
The protocol’s efficiency and cost-effectiveness make it a valuable tool for researchers and agricultural scientists worldwide. As third-generation sequencing technologies continue to advance, this method could become a standard in plant genomics, facilitating breakthroughs in crop improvement and biodiversity conservation. The study not only enhances our understanding of native species but also underscores the importance of tailored approaches in genomic research. With this new method, the future of plant genomics looks brighter and more promising than ever.